Resumo
Sleep disturbances are prevalent among older adults, often due to natural physiological aging or various mental health factors, including beliefs and attitudes toward sleep. Despite this, the relationship between sleep quality and mental well-being in older populations remains underexplored. This study aims to examine the role of dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep as predictors of poor sleep quality in Portuguese adults aged 50 and above.
The study included 125 Portuguese participants, aged 50 to 80 (M = 58.07, SD = 6.15).
Data were collected using the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS-16), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Work Health Questionnaire (WHQ), along with sociodemographic information. A self-report online survey was disseminated through social media between March and May 2024.
Findings indicate a significant association between negative beliefs about sleep, poor perceptions of health, and decreased sleep quality in adults over 50. These relationships intensify with age, suggesting that negative attitudes toward sleep may exacerbate sleep disturbances.
The results highlight the need to better understand the interplay between sleep beliefs, functional health, and sleep quality in older populations. Such understanding can inform the development of interventions to improve sleep literacy and overall well-being among older adults.
Referências
Abraham, O., Pu, J., Schleiden, L. J., & Albert, S. M. (2017). Factors contributing to poor satisfaction with sleep and healthcare seeking behavior in older adults. Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation, 3(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2016.11.004
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
Mander, B. A., Winer, J. R., & Walker, M. P. (2017). Sleep and human aging. Neuron, 94(1), 19–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.004
Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A., & Vining, G. G. (2021). Introduction to linear regression analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
Okoye, K., & Hosseini, S. (2024). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in R: One-Way and Two-Way ANOVA. In R Programming: Statistical Data Analysis in Research (pp. 187-209). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Robbins, R., Grandner, M. A., Buxton, O. M., Hale, L., Buysse, D. J., Knutson, K. L., Patel, S. R., Troxel, W. M., Youngstedt, S. D., Czeisler, C. A., & Jean-Louis, G. (2019). Sleep myths: An expert-led study to identify false beliefs about sleep that impinge upon population sleep health practices. Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation, 5(4), 409–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2019.02.002
Sabatini, S., Ukoumunne, O. C., Ballard, C., Collins, R., Corbett, A., Brooker, H., & Clare, L. (2022). Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between subjective sleep difficulties and self-perceptions of aging. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 20(6), 732–761. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2021.1994405
Semler, C. N., & Harvey, A. G. (2005). Misperception of sleep can adversely affect daytime functioning in insomnia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43(7), 843–856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2004.06.016
Sella, E., Cellini, N., & Borella, E. (2022). How elderly people's quality of life relates to their sleep quality and sleep-related beliefs. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 20(1), 112–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2021.1895792
Yaffe, K., Falvey, C. M., & Hoang, T. (2014). Connections between sleep and cognition in older adults. The Lancet. Neurology, 13(10), 1017–1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70172-3
Zhu, G., Xie, L., & Hon, Y. Y. (2021). Gender differences in sleep quality and insomnia: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 712572. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.712572